Fluctuation asymmetry
as a measure of stress and character defense
About this training
The training introduces the concept of fluctuating asymmetry, that is, a deviation from the ideal symmetry of the body, which reflects the environmental pressure and the stress that the individual experienced during development. This phenomenon is an epigenetic measure of stress, revealing how experiences, both physical and emotional, shape a person’s biological and psychological functioning.
In response to stress and threat, the organism strives to maintain balance through the process of allostasis, the continuous regulation of emotions, physiological reactions and defence mechanisms. The cost of this adaptation, however, can be high. Over time it leads to overload of the nervous system, psychosomatic symptoms and rigidity in relationships, both with others and with oneself.
Every patient who comes into the office brings a history with them, not only in what they say but also in their body. Posture, the way they walk, tone of voice, muscular tension or micromovements are subtle traces of the organism’s adaptation to the stress, the relationships and the traumas that shaped their life.
In the training Monica Urru introduces participants to the complex relationship between the functioning of the nervous system, emotional processes and character defences. Combining clinical knowledge from psychotherapy, neurobiology and somatics, she shows how the body reflects the history of stress and, by the same token, how it can become a signpost in the therapeutic process.
The following key topics are discussed in the material:
- The body as a record of history: Monica Urru emphasizes that posture, the way a person moves and the asymmetry of the body reflect that person’s life history, their traumas and their adaptive strategies. Asymmetry is the best possible form of the organism’s adaptation to stress at a given moment.
- The link between asymmetry and the psyche: The training integrates the concept of asymmetry with the psychotherapeutic approach (including ISTDP), showing how character defence mechanisms are “written into” movement and muscular tension. Participants will learn how observation of the patient’s body provides key information about their mental state, their anxiety and their internal conflicts.
- Case analysis: The central point of the meeting is the analysis of a video recording of a patient. Participants observe her body language, the way she moves and the changes taking place in the symmetry of her body in response to therapeutic interventions. The training shows how a change in body symmetry, obtained by means of radioelectric therapy, leads to an immediate improvement in the patient’s balance, flexibility and wellbeing.
Here the patient’s body becomes not only the site of symptoms but also a map of adaptation, a testimony to a relational and emotional history that is still at work in the present.
A psychotherapist who learns to read these signals attentively is better able to:
- recognize defence mechanisms entrenched in the body,
- understand transference reactions in the context of the history of bonds,
- support the process of integrating emotional experiences,
- accompany the patient in building a new, healthier way of being in relationship.
The aim of the training is to deepen the understanding of the unity of body and psyche and to teach psychotherapists how to read the history written in the patient’s body, which allows for fuller and deeper therapeutic work.
What will you learn?
- The concept of fluctuating asymmetry as a manifestation of epigenetic stress
- How to understand motor reactions
- Limitations of defence mechanisms
- The ability to read a patient’s somatic symptoms related to trauma
- Working on character improvement.
What will you receive?
- 01Extended training video about subject of fluctuation asymmetry
- 02The presentation used in the training video with downloadable and viewable content
A fragment of this training
A short excerpt from the recording itself. It is here so you can see how the material is taught, and what to expect, before you decide.

Your teacher
Monica Urru
MD, ISTDP supervisor and teacher
Dr. Monica Urru, MD, is based in Rome and has been active in the ISTDP community for over twenty years. She trained in Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy with Patricia Coughlin (Philadelphia, 2002-2006) and completed a further core training with Jon Frederickson and Josette ten Have de Labije (2008-2011), followed by a training of trainers for teachers and supervisors, led by Jon Frederickson, in Norway (2010). Today she works as a supervisor and runs ISTDP core groups in Rome, teaching how to work with the neurobiological underpinnings of trauma treatment. She has led an advanced ISTDP group in Italy for the past twelve years and a further advanced group in Poland since 2019. Alongside ISTDP, she has practised REAC neurobiological modulation continuously since 2008, in collaboration with Dr. Salvatore Rinaldi at the Rinaldi-Fontani Institute in Florence, integrating the two approaches across a wide range of diagnoses. Since 2026 she has been part of Inside BlueZone, the REAC® longevity programme developed by the Rinaldi Fontani Institute, which recreates Blue Zone conditions in the body to counteract inflammaging and cellular senescence. She also contributes to the epistemological framework of the Ordinative Sciences Foundation, translating clinical processes into structured models of coherence and regulation. She has presented at psychotherapy conferences in Italy, Poland, Denmark, Sweden, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Lebanon, and has co-taught with Jon Frederickson across Europe from 2008 to the present, including summer schools in Italy (2012, 2014) and France (2024). She is the author of Star Seeker, based on specific studies on autism, and of We Were Born Searching (2026), and co-author with Jon Frederickson of Clinical Thinking in Medicine (Elsevier, forthcoming) and Psychoneurophysiopathology of Adaptation: A New Paradigm (forthcoming in 2027).
Why train with us?
- Experienced ISTDP teachersOur teachers are practitioners with many years of experience.
- Practical methods for immediate useAfter reviewing the material, you will return to your practice with ready-to-use ways of carrying out more effective interventions with patients.
- Knowledge that stays with youYou can replay our online courses whenever you want and as many times as you need. After purchase, you receive unlimited access, which allows you to consolidate the knowledge you have acquired effectively.
Ready to start
Fluctuation asymmetry
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